临床实习护生健康促进生活方式与健康行为自我效能的关系

Health-promoting Life Style and Perceived Health Self-efficacy among Nursing Students during Clinical Practice

目的:分析调查我国临床实习护生健康促进生活方式现状以及与自觉健康行为自我效能之间的相关性。方法:本研究属于横断面描述性研究。研究人群为便利抽样所得的5个省、市地区的三级甲等教学医院的424名临床实习护生。研究工具包括健康促进生活方式量表、自觉执行健康行为自我效能量表及护生一般人口学资料问卷。结果:临床实习护生的健康促进生活方式平均得分为67.4±14.8。各个分量表的平均得分以职业安全最高,其次为人际支持发展、自我实现、均衡饮食,运动保健方面得分最低。自觉健康行为自我效能量表的平均得分为77.3±15.5;各个分量表的平均得分以健康责任自觉效能最高,其次是心理安适和营养,运动效能得分最低。健康促进生活方式与个体的自觉健康行为自我效能之间呈显著正相关(r=0.54,P<0.001)。结论:临床实习护生健康促进生活方式得分较低。护理教育者可以通过激发护生执行健康行为的潜能,增加其信心而促使她们采取正向的健康促进生活方式。

Objective：To examine the health-promoting lifestyle and its correlation with perceived health self-efficacy among nursing students during their clinical practice period.Methods：The research design was a cross-sectional descriptive study.The study population was 424 clinical nursing students who were practicing at the five tertiary affiliated teaching hospitals of medical universities in 2005.The research instruments included the health-promoting lifestyle profile,perceived health self-efficacy profile,and socio-demographic characteristics of respondents.Results：The research results showed that the nursing students had relatively poor health-promoting lifestyles with the mean of total score at 67.4 with standard deviation 14.8.The nursing students performed best in the safety of working place,but worst in exercise.The mean score of overall perceived health self-efficacy was 77.3 with the standard deviation 15.5.Among the four subscales,the health responsibility scored highest,followed by psychological wellbeing and nutrition,the exercise dimension scored lowest.It was also found that there was significantly positive association between health-promoting lifestyles and perceived health self-efficacy（Pearson correlation was 0.54,P〈0.001）.Conclusion：The research results may raise concern about the students＇ health-promoting lifestyles for rectifying the weaknesses.Nursing educators could motivate the students to perform good health practices and enhance their health self-efficacy.This would lead to better health-promoting lifestyles.