长白山阔叶红松林草本植物多样性季节动态及空间分布格局

Seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution patterns of herbs diversity in broadleaved Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) mixed forest in Changbai Mountains

基于长白山阔叶红松林25hm2样地(CBS)一年内草本植物的4次调查数据,对样地内草本植物多样性的季节动态及其空间分布格局进行了初步分析.结果表明:样地内草本植物物种组成丰富,共有102种,隶属于40科84属.Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数分别为3.52、0.96和0.75;物种组成的季节变化比较明显,以初夏物种数最多;各季节的Shannon多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数的变化较大,个体数量从早春到秋季逐渐减少;物种丰富度和多度的空间分布连续性较差,主要表现为斑块性分布,说明草本植物对微环境有较强的依赖性;坡向是影响物种丰富度和多度的主要因素,在早春、夏末和秋季,不同坡向的物种丰富度和多度差异极显著(P<0.01),且早春阶段北坡和东坡的丰富度高于南坡和西坡,夏末和秋季则相反.

In this paper, the species composition, seasonal dynamics, and spatial distribution patterns of herbs were examined in a 25 hm2 broadleaved Korean pine （ Pinus koraiensis） mixed forest plot in Changbai Mountains. The results＇ showed that the plot had a relatively high herbaceous richness, with 102 species belonging to 40 families and 84 genera, and the Shannon index, Simpson in- dex, and Pielou index was 3.52, 0. 96 and 0. 75, respectively. The three indices varied dramatically with growth season, whereas the species abundance decreased linearly from early spring to au- tumn. The species richness and abundance showed irregular distribution, indicating that herbaceous species were microenvironment-dependent. Slope aspect had significant effects on herbaceous species richness and abundance. Northern and eastern slopes had higher species richness and abundance in early spring than southern and western slopes, whereas it was in adverse in late summer and autumn.