退化红壤植被恢复后土壤轻组有机质的季节动态

Seasonal variation of light fraction organic matter in degraded red soil after vegetation restoration

以次生林为对照,研究了福建省长汀县河田镇侵蚀退化红壤及其恢复为马尾松林、板栗园和百喜草地后土壤轻组有机质的季节变化.结果表明:侵蚀裸地表层土壤轻组有机质含量在0.05～0.14g.kg-1,无明显的季节变化;恢复的马尾松林、板栗园和百喜草地表层土壤轻组有机质含量季节变化明显,其中冬春季节比夏季高58%～122%.夏季恢复植被下的土壤轻组有机质C含量和C/N均较低,而轻组有机质N含量较高,表明夏季高温、高湿的气候条件导致轻组有机质快速分解.次生林轻组有机质的季节变化趋势与恢复的生态系统基本一致,但波动幅度较小,5～10cm土层轻组有机质含量无明显的季节差异.土壤轻组有机质的季节动态还受小生境和植被类型的影响,与林地相比,百喜草地土壤轻组有机质数量波动幅度较高.建议采用多次取样或者综合气候、植被和经营措施等因素确定合适的取样时间,以提高轻组有机质的观测精度.

This paper studied the seasonal variation of light fraction organic matter （LFOM） in the red soils of severely eroded bare land, and of the bare lands restored to Pinus massoniana forest land, Castanea mollissima plantation, and Paspalum notatum grassland in the Hetian Town of Changting County, Fujian Province, with secondary forest soil as the control. The results showed that in the surface soil of the bare land, LFOM content was between 0. 05-0. 14 g· kg^-1 and with no significant seasonal variation, while in that of P. massoniana forest land, C. moUissima plantation and P. notatum grassland, LFOM content had a distinct seasonal variation, and was 58%- 122% higher in spring, autumn, and winter than in summer. The C content and C/N ratio of the LFOM in the three restored lands were lower in summer than in other seasons, while the nitrogen content of the LFOM was in adverse, indicating that the high temperature and humidity in summer induced a rapid decomposition of soil LFOM. The LFOM in secondary forest soil had the similar variation trend to that in the three restored lands, but the variation range was significantly narrower. The seasonal dynamics of surface soil LFOM was affected not only by micro-climate but also by vegetation types, and the variation range was greater in P. notatum grassland than in forest lands. It was suggested that to enhance the observation precision of soil LFOM, repeated sampling or integrating the factors such as climate, vegetation type, and management measures should be taken to determine the appropriate sampling time.