退化红壤不同植被恢复类型的土壤弹尾虫群落结构

Community structure of collembolan in degraded red soil under different restoration vegetation types

以退化红壤的侵蚀裸地、旱生性草坡、稀疏针叶林、针叶林、针阔混交林5种植被恢复类型及常绿阔叶林(对照)为研究对象,对各类型植被的土壤弹尾虫群落进行了调查,共捕获弹尾虫2亚目7科23属,其中符跳属、类符跳属、小圆跳属等为优势类群.应用个体密度、类群数及多样性指数等指标,研究了植被类型对弹尾虫群落特征的影响.结果表明:各项指标以常绿阔叶林为最高,裸地最低,基本没有弹尾虫存在;旱生性草坡、稀疏针叶林、针叶林和针阔混交林4种植被恢复类型的土壤弹尾虫群落得到了一定恢复,但各类型之间土壤弹尾虫群落没有明显差异,均处于恢复的早期阶段;Bray-Curtis指数显示,侵蚀裸地与顶级常绿阔叶林的差异最大(0.99),其它植被恢复类型与顶级常绿阔叶林的差异也较明显,但各植被恢复类型间弹尾虫群落的差异较小.

With the degraded red soils of eroded bare land （ Ⅰ）, xeric mesophilous herbosa （ Ⅱ ）, sparse coniferous woodland （Ⅲ ）, coniferous woodland （ Ⅳ ）, coniferous-broadleaf mixed woodland （ Ⅴ ）, and evergreen broadleaf forest （CK） as test objects, this paper studied the effects of vegetation restoration on the collembolan communities in degraded red soil. A total of 23 genera belonging to seven families and two suborders were observed, including dominant taxa such as Folsomia, Folsomina, and Sminthurinus. The characteristics of soil collembolan community were analyzed by using the indices such as individual density, taxa number, diversity, abundance, and evenness. The test indices were the lowest in Ⅰ , and the highest in CK. The soil collembolan communities in Ⅱ , Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were restored to some extent, but the restoration was still at early stage, with less difference observed. Bray-Curtis index had the largest difference （0. 99） between eroded bare land and CK, larger differences between the four restored plantations and CK, and less difference between four restored plantations.