WTO金融服务法中的承认制度及其实践

Recognition in the Context of WTO Financial Services Law

为了鼓励有关成员方建立更高水平的金融服务自由化安排,从而消除非歧视性贸易壁垒,WTO金融服务法确立了承认制度,并将其作为最惠国待遇原则的一项例外。然而,受多边贸易体制现有一体化水平和组织基础的制约,该制度的实体规则尚不完备并缺乏有效的实施保障机制。除了欧盟成功推行了相互承认原则之外,承认制度的总体实施状况不尽人意。WTO金融服务法应当借鉴欧盟金融服务法的成功经验,通过专项复边协议,为成员方建立相互承认安排提供一个基础性的法律框架,引导和推动特定领域金融服务相互承认实践的发展。

In order to promote high-level arrangements for financial liberalization to eliminate non-discriminatory trade obstacles, the regime of recognition as an exception to the principle of most-favored-nation, is established by WTO financial services law. Constrained by the current level of services liberalization and the institutional structure of the WTO, this regime has not enough effective substantive rules and enforcement mechanism, and its practice is not satisfactory, except for EU＇s practice of mutual recognition principle. It is suggested that some developed member parties should negotiate plurilateral agreements for a specific kind of financial services, which may be a framework for further mutual recognition arrangements, so as to guide and promote the development of mutual recognition agreements （MRAs）.