试论马克斯·韦伯的社会行动理论及其局限

Dissertating Max·Weber's Theory of Social Action and Related Limitation

韦伯把社会行动纳入社会学的研究领域,开创了解释社会学的先河,打破了以孔德、涂尔干为代表对社会现象只能进行实证研究的论断,开拓了社会学研究的新领域,为社会学的进一步发展开创了巨大的空间。文章在试图分析韦伯行动的内涵、类型划分的基础上指出韦伯社会行动在其理论体系中的基础性意义,并在时代的发展脉络中探析韦伯社会行动理论体现出的不足与局限。

The study of social action in sociology by Weber initiated explanation of sociology and challenged judgment represented by August Comte and Emile Durkheim that social phenomena should be studied in positivism way. Social action study marked a new area and opened new space for further development of sociology. This article tries to analyze the connotation and style of Weber＇ s action theory, by interpreting its basic meaning of the Weber＇ s whole theory and analyzing the limitation of social action theory in the development of sociology.