p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在小鼠早期胚胎及围植入期子宫内膜的表达

Expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in early embryos and the peri-implantation endometrium in mice

目的检测p38MAPK在小鼠不同发育阶段胚胎和围植入期子宫内膜的表达。方法取小鼠早期胚胎、动情期未孕、真孕及假孕1～8d小鼠子宫，利用免疫组织化学染色及图像分析法，检测p38MAPK在不同发育阶段早胚及围植入期子宫内膜中的表达和变化规律。结杲①p38MAPK在小鼠胚植入前各细胞期均呈阳性表达，随着妊娠进展，其表达逐渐加强；②真孕组孕3d，小鼠子宫内膜腔上皮p38MAPK呈阳性表达，孕4d呈强阳性表达，此后腔上皮表达逐渐减弱；腺上皮p38MAPK的表达一直维持在阳性水平，而蜕膜细胞的表达从孕5d开始逐渐增强。假孕组只有孕4d呈弱阳性表达。结论①p38MAPK可能参与了小鼠植入前胚的发育分化。②p38MAPK参与胚泡植入过程，并可能参与子宫内膜的蜕膜化反应。③p38MAPK在子宫内膜中的表达不仅受母体因素调控，还与胚泡的刺激有关。

Objective To explore the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（p38MAPK）in early embryos and the endometrium during peri-implantafion in mice. Methods Early embryos at different stages and uterus of the non-pregnant, and pregnant uterus of I to 8 days pseudo-pregnancy in mice were obtained. The expression and changes of p38MAPK in early embryos and the pefi-implantation mouse endometrium were examined by immunohistochemistry. An image analysis was also performed. Results ① p38MAPK-pesitive staining was found in the pre-implanted embryos and gradually increased with development. ② In the pregnant group, p38MAPK-positive expression was weak at 3 days and peaked at 4 to 5 days in the endometrium of pregnant mice, then declined in the lumina epithelium, but increased in decidual cells. In the pseudopregnant group , weak staining of p38MAPK was only observed on the 4th day of gestation, and negative staining was observed on the other days. p38MAPK was expressed weakly in the endometrium of non-pregnant mice. Conclusion ① p38MAPK activity may be required to support embryo develotmaent through the routine pre-implantation interval. ② p38MAPK, in addition to relating to blastocyst implantation,may indirectly participate in the process of endometrial decidualization. ③ The expression of p38MAPK in mouse endometrium is regulated not only by maternal factors （ steroid hormones）, but also by the implanted embryos.