对民族自治地方生态环境恶化问题的研究

On Ecological Deterioration of Ethnic Autonomous Regions

目前,民族自治地方生态环境恶化的趋势并没有得到根本性遏制,表现在水资源短缺、萎缩、浪费与污染;森林、湿地资源锐减,水土流失严重;草原、草场退化,荒漠化加剧;气候与自然灾害频繁,损失严重等各个方面。这其中有自然原因,但更多地是人为因素。民族自治地方必须遵循生态环境演化规律,寻求维持良性循环的农牧业发展模式;走新型工业化道路,加强工业治污力度;完善生态环境补偿机制,建立市场经济激励机制;强化生态意识,优化生产、消费习惯;加强生态环境法制建设。

At present, the trend of ecological deterioration has not been stopped in ethnic autonomous regions in nature. It represents as shortage, waste and pollution of water resource, decrease of forest and marsh, soil erosion, desertification, more frequent natural disasters and more losses, etc. These phenomenon can attribute to more man - made factors than natural factors. Ethnic autonomous regions should follow the principle of ecological evolution, seeking positive cycle agricultural and pastoral development mode, following the route of industrialization, strengthening the prevention of industrial pollution, optimizing ecological complementary system, establishing market economic stimulating system, intensifying ecological awareness, optimizing production and consumption habit, and enhancing ecological legal construction.