秦皇岛市12～18岁青少年肥胖与代谢综合征现状调查

Investigation of obesity and metabolic syndrome for adolescents aged 12-18 years in Qinhuangdao

目的了解秦皇岛市青少年中肥胖及代谢综合征的现状，分析其流行病学特点。方法通过分层整群随机抽样，测定4604名秦皇岛地区12～18岁青少年身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压、空腹血糖（FPG）、血甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL—C）水平。结果调查人群中超重和肥胖的发生率分别为12．1％和7．3％。与体重正常组相比，超重组及肥胖组的体重指数、腰臀比、血压、FPG、TG、TC、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇水平均显著升高，HDL—C显著降低（P〈0．01）。体重升高组（超重及肥胖组）高TG、高收缩压、高舒张压、高FPG及低HDL—C的检出分别为16．9％，12．1％，7．3％，4．9％，15．0％，与体重正常组相比差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。体重正常人群无代谢综合征发生，而体重升高组有60人诊断为代谢综合征。调查人群中代谢综合征的患病率为1．3％。结论青少年肥胖与代谢综合征的患病率持续升高，加强对青少年肥胖及代谢综合征的监控与防治，有助于心血管疾病的早期预防。

Objective To assess the status of obesity and metabolic syndrome （MS） in adolescents aged 12-18 years in Qinhuangdao, analyzing their characteristics of epidemiology. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 4604 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Qinhuangdao. Measurements included height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose （ FPG）, triglyceride （ TG）, total cholesterol（ TC ）, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol （ LDL-C ） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）. Results Overall detection rate of overweight and obesity were 12.1% and 7.3% respectively. When compared with normal weight adolescents, adolescents with overweight or obesity had significantly higher levels of BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, FPG, TG, TC, LDL-C, but with lower HDL-C. The prevalence of high TG, SBP, DBP, FPG, and low HDL-C were 16.9%, 12.1% ,7.3% ,4.9% , and 15.0% in adolescents with overweight and obesity, which were higher than those in adolescents with normal weight. The study showed no detection of MS in adolescents with normal weight, but 60 persons in overweight and obesity adolescents were MS, the prevalence of MS was 1.3 %. Conclusions The prevalence of obesity and MS among adolescents keeps increasing. Keeping tracing and management on the clustering of MS, overweight and obesity would be helpful in early prevention of adolescents from getting cardiovascular diseases.