延吉市小学生骨密度与生活习惯的相关性

Correlation between bone mineral density and life habits in primary school student of Yanji city

目的：生命早期阶段的骨密度值是预测后期骨骼状况的最佳指标。通过调查分析延吉市小学生生活习惯与骨密度关系，为提高小学生骨密度，以早期达到骨峰值量，防止日后的骨质疏松提供参考。方法：使用青少年骨密度影响因素调查表，对2005—10／2006-01延吉市802名6～15岁朝鲜族、汉族小学生进行关于一般情况的调查以及运动史、睡眠和休养状况、饮食生活习惯等的问卷调查，并用超声波骨密度测定仪（AOS-100）进行右脚跟骨的骨密度值测量，根据伟导速度和透过指数，计算出综合骨评价值，将有关的调查结果进行统计学处理。结果：①调查结果一般情况：有效回答问卷率为97．9％（785名），其中朝鲜族395名，男生240名，女生155名；汉族390名，男生207名，女生183名。两民族之间的年龄及年龄构成经检验均无统计学意义。②体质量指数及骨密度：朝鲜族的体质量指数高于汉族（P〈0．05），朝鲜族的骨密度也高于汉族（P〈0．001）。③运动与骨密度关系：经常参加运动者的骨密度高于不经常参加运动者（P〈0．05）。④睡眠和休养状况与骨密度关系：睡眠质量优者骨密度高于睡眠质量差者（P〈0．05）。⑤饮食习惯对骨密度的影响：汉族经常摄取豆制品者骨密度高于不摄取者（P〈0．001）。结论：不同民族骨密度有差异；加强体育运动、提高睡眠质量与良好的饮食习惯可增加骨密度。

AIM： Bone mineral density （BMD） in early stage of life can best predict later skeletal condition. This study surveyed the correlation between life habit and BMD in the primary school students in Yanji to improve the BMD of the children, and achieve the peak bone mass in early time, so as to find an effective way to prevent osteoporosis in future. METHODS： 802 healthy Korean Chinese and Han people in Yanji City, aged 6-15 years, were interviewed with the questionnaire of influential factors of bone mineral density in teenagers. The items included their generation condition, habit of exercise, sleeping and resting condition, and eating habit. Ultrasound System （AOS-100） was used to determine their calcaneus BMD. The results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS： ①Validity of questionnaires was 97.9% （785 students）, including 395 Korean Chinese student （240 males, and 155 females） and 390 Han people （207 males and 183 females）. No significant difference was found in the age and age composition between two nations. ②Body mass index and BMD of Korean Chinese student was higher than Han people （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.001）. ③ Those students who constantly do physical exercise had higher BMD than those who seldom do exercise （P 〈 0.05）. ④Those students who slept well had higher BMD than those who had poor sleep （P 〈 0.05）. ⑤Han people who had bean products frequently had higher BMD than those who did not （P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSION： There are differences in BMD among nationalities; physical exercise, good sleep, and good eating habit can increase BMD.