解偶联蛋白特征

Features of uncoupling proteins

学术背景:机体产热部位主要在线粒体,产热量主要取决于线粒体上解偶联蛋白,即位于线粒体内膜介导H+内流的跨膜蛋白质形成的"质子漏"的程度。大概有25%ATP中的代谢能是由于质子遗漏现象而被转化成热量的形式散失的。通常测定机体产热量可知晓机体能量代谢的概况,进而可研究对肥胖产生的影响。目的:总结解偶联蛋白的作用机制、解偶联蛋白多态性与肥胖的关系及其表达的调节因素等,为肥胖发生机制及其防治工作的研究开辟新途径。检索策略:应用计算机检索Medline1997-01/2007-07与解偶联蛋白相关的文章,检索词"Uncoupling proteins",限定文章语言种类为English;同时计算机检索1997-01/2007-07中国期刊全文数据库与解偶联蛋白相关的文章,检索词"解偶联蛋白",限定文章语言种类为中文。另外手工检索到相关文献20篇。对资料进行初审,纳入标准:①解偶联蛋白家族中各成员相关研究。②解偶联蛋白与肥胖方面的研究。③解偶联蛋白研究的临床、实验研究报道。排除标准:研究目的与本综述目的无关、重复研究的文献。阅读标题和摘要进行初筛,排除因研究目的与本研究无关者98篇,内容重复性的研究112篇,保留220篇中英文文献进一步分析。文献评价:220篇文献中动物实验和在体、离体、细胞学实验98篇,综述、述评、讲座类文献32篇,系统评价/Meta分析15篇,临床研究75篇。共34个研究满足全部纳入标准,予以纳入。资料综合:至今为止,在哺乳动物体内已识别出5种解偶联蛋白质。解偶联蛋白1在人体能量平衡中的作用不大。解偶联蛋白2和解偶联蛋白3与肥胖和2型糖尿病的发生可能有一定的相关性。解偶联蛋白4基因表达于大鼠脂肪组织中,并可能参与肥胖的发生发展。解偶联蛋白5则在脑与睾丸中含量高,可能与神经退行性病变有关,而与肥胖关系不大。摄食状况是影响解偶联蛋白基因表达的重要因素。结论:解偶联蛋白与肥胖有一定的关系,可能是防治肥胖的一个有效的靶位点。

BACKGROUND： Mitochondria are the main heat production region. Amount of heat depends on uncoupling proteins, namely the degree of proton leak. Metabolic energy of 25%ATP lost by proton leak and heat transform. Body energy metabolism can be found by determining heat production and the effect on obesity should be studied. OBJECTIVE： The aim of this paper is to understand action mechanism of uncoupling proteins, the relation between uncoupling proteins and obesity, and regulating factors of uncoupling proteins gene expression to explore a new way for the study of pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of obesity. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： The related articles on uncoupling proteins published between January 1997 and July 2007 were searched for in Medline with the key words of ＂Uncoupling proteins＂ in English. Meanwhile, the relevant articles published between January 1997 and July 2007 were also searched for in China Journal Full-text Database with the key words same as above in Chinese. Twenty related literatures were searched for manually. After primary look-through for the data, the selected literatures met the following inclusive criteria ① the studies about members of uncoupling proteins; ② those about the relation between uncoupling proteins and obesity; and ③ those reports about the uncoupling proteins of clinic and experiment. Exclusive criteria included articles with unrelated aims and repetitive studies. After reading titles and abstracts of these articles for primary check, 98 articles with unrelated aims and 112 articles with repetitive studies were excluded, 220 Chinese and English articles were studied further. LITERATURE EVALUATION： Of the 220 articles, 98 articles were on animal experiment and in vivo and ex vivo cytology experiment, 32 on review, comment and lecture, 15 about system evaluation/Meta analysis and 75 on clinical study. Totally 34 studies met the whole inclusive criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS： Five kinds of uncoupling proteins have been identified in mammalian. Uncoupling proteins 1 has little effect on human energy balance. Uncoupling proteins 2 and uncoupling proteins 3 were probably correlated with the occurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Uncoupling proteins 4 locating in rat fat tissues might participant in the occurrence and development of obesity. Uncoupling proteins 5 shows a high level in brain and testicle, which may be associated with nerve degenerative disease, but not associated with obesity. The status of digestion was the essential factor influencing the expression of uncoupling proteins gene. CONCLUSION： Uncoupling proteins are related to obesity to some extents, maybe an effective target point of preventing and treating obesity.