植物根系水力提升作用研究进展综述

Review on Study Progress of Hydraulic Lift in Plant Roots

植物根系水力提升作用是植物深层根系吸收深层土壤水分,再通过浅层根系释放到较干燥浅层土壤中的过程。水力提升作用所释放的水分可缓解干燥土层水分匮乏,对改善自身及邻近植物的水分亏缺、促进植物养分吸收、促进土壤养分分解和矿化过程具有重要意义。随着对植物生态系统水分平衡问题的关注和研究手段的发展,水力提升作用日益成为干旱、半干旱区植物生态学与水文学共同关注的重要研究内容之一。通过回顾和分析水力提升作用的研究历史、影响因素、提升数量、研究方法、生态作用等,特别阐述了水力提升作用在半干旱区人工固沙植被恢复中的潜在应用价值,改善人工固沙植被区土壤水分条件,提高固沙植物群落的稳定性。

Hydraulic lift of plant roots is a process by which some deep-roots can absorb water from deeper soil layers and then soil water can be released into shallower soil by shallower plant roots in arid habitat. The released water through the hydraulic lifted water can play an important role in abating the shortage of soil water in drier soil layers, increasing the soil water content in rhizosphere, promoting nutrient absorption of plants, and accelerating the process of biochemical cycle. Along with paying attention to hydraulic lift of plant roots and the development of study means, hydraulic lift of plant roots has become as one of the study emphases of phytoecology in arid and semiarid areas. This paper reviews and analyzes the study history, affecting factors and volume of hydraulic lift of plant roots as well as the methods of measuring hydraulic lift of plant roots and the ecological effects of hydraulic lift of plant roots. The potential application value of hydraulic lift of plant roots in planting psammophytes for fixing sand in arid and semi arid areas is especially discussed. It is considered that the effect of hydraulic lift of plant roots can be applied in improving soil moisture conditions in planting psammophytes for fixing sand so as to increase the stability of sand-fixing vegetation communities in arid and semi arid areas.