逻辑视角下统计方法的或然性思想

The Probabilistic Consideratins of Statistical Methods from the Viewpoint of Logic

基于逻辑推理的视角对统计方法属性进行探讨,发现描述性统计方法属于归纳逻辑,推断统计方法的参数估计也属归纳逻辑,而统计假设检验属于演绎逻辑,统计预测为两种逻辑的结合。不论是统计归纳推理,还是统计演绎推理,给出的结论都伴随着一定的概率尺度,不具有完全确定性,呈现出或然性特征。

The characters of statistical methods are discussed. Results show that descriptive methods belong to inductive logic, hypothesis tests belong to deductive logic, and statistical forecast is the integration of the two logics. The conclusions drawn from inductive logic and deductive logic are probabilistic.