北京地区美国白蛾生物学特性研究初报

Bionomics of Hyphantria Cunea in Beijing

美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea Drury是新传入北京市的检疫性有害生物，其生物学特性国内外多有报道，但缺少北京地区的相关确切资料，从2005年4月开始，对美国白蛾的生物学特性进行了系统的观察研究。在试验区内，美国白蛾1a发生3代，以蛹越冬；越冬代成虫趋光性较强；成虫的羽化主要发生在16—22时之间；第1代成虫产卵量最大，平均777．4±204．4粒／头；越冬代卵孵化率最高，平均为98．8％；4～6龄幼虫在饥饿的情况下也会少量取食油松、侧柏等常绿树叶，但对用于铺设草坪的崂峪薹草，即使被饿死也不取食；第2代蛹的羽化率最高，平均为92．4％。

Hyphantria eunea was a quarantine pest invading Beijing recently. There were lots of detailed reports on the bionomics of the moth, but little of them were about the moth in Beijing. The experiment began in April, 2005 and the results showed that the moth had 3 generations a year and overwintered as pupa, The adults of the overwinterlng generation were strongly phototactic, The adult emerged mainly between 16：00 and 22： 00. The oviposition amount of the first generation adult was the highest with an avevage of 777.4±204.4 eggs per moth and eggs of the overwintering generation showed the highest hatchability of 98.8 %. When lack of food, larvae between the 4th and 6th instars fed on Pinus tabulaeforrnis, Platycladus orientalis and other evergreens, but never fed on the lawn grass Carex capillaries var. pohushanensis. Pupae of the second generation showed the highest emergence rate of 92.4 %.