车轮全滑动轮轨摩擦温升三维有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Wheel/Rail Frictional Temperature during Wheel Complete Slides on Rail

基于有限元法和非稳态导热问题微分方程,建立轮轨摩擦温升三维数值分析模型。分析轮载、相对滑动速度和摩擦因数对轮轨接触区附近摩擦温度场的影响。模型中考虑了轮轨与环境间的对流换热和轮轨接触界面的相互导热过程。分析结果表明,轮载、相对滑动速度和摩擦因数对轮轨摩擦接触温升及其热影响层深度都有明显影响。轮重不仅影响轮轨表面最高摩擦温升,而且影响热影响区域的大小;相对滑动速度变大,热影响层深度和宽度分别变浅和变宽;摩擦因数越大,热影响区越大。

Based on the finite element method （FEM） and non-steady heat transfer equation, a three-dimensional （3D） numerical model is put forward to analyze the frictional temperature of wheel/rail under the wheel complete slides on the rail. The effect of the slide speed and the wheel load and the friction confection on the temperature field near the contact patch of wheel and rail is invest igated. The beat-convection between the wheel/rail with the ambient, and heat transfer between the wheel and rail through the contact surfaces, are taken into account. The numerical result indicates that the wheel load, slide speed and friction coefficient have visible influence on the wheel/rail surface temperature field, their thermally affected zone（TAZ）. Wheel load has a significant effect on the amplitude of the maximum surface temperature and the size of TAZ. The faster the wheel sliding speed is, the shallower TAZ in the vertical direction, the wider TAZ in the lateral direction become. The larger coefficient of friction is, the larger TAZ becomes.