渤海海域生态系统服务功能价值评估

Value Assessment of Marine Ecosystem Service in Bohai Sea

客观评估海洋生态系统服务功能价值,对于生态环境保护以及海洋综合管理具有重要意义。以海洋生态系统服务功能分类为基础,构建了食品生产、提供基因资源、氧气生产和气候调节、废弃物处理、生物控制、休闲娱乐、科研文化、初级生产、物种多样性维持等九项服务功能价值的评估方法。以渤海为研究区域,对上述九项生态系统服务功能价值进行了定量评价。结果表明,渤海海域九项生态系统服务功能的价值为81 703亿元,相当于近期环渤海地区生产总值的1.73倍,其中直接使用价值为12 873亿元,间接使用价值68 830亿元,间接使用价值远大于直接使用价值;渤海海域生态系统服务价值,以支持功能价值为主,占生态系统服务功能总价值的74.68%。此外,认为海洋生态系统服务功能分类和价值评价方法有待进一步完善,渤海海域生态系统服务功能价值的评估值与实际有偏差。

It plays an important role in ecological protection and marine management that the value of marine ecosystem service is assessed objectively. On the basis of classification of marine ecosystem services, the article constructs the value assessment methods of marine ecosystem service, such as food production, gene resources provision, 02 release and climate regulation, waste disposal, biological control, leisure and recreation, scientific search and culture, primary production, biodiversity and habit provision. Then, the author quantitatively assesses 9 services of marine ecosystem in Bohai Sea. As a result, the total value of these services is estimated as 81703×10^8 yuan RMB, 1.73 times the recent GDP in the Bohai Sea Rim. The direct value is 12873 × 10^8 yuan RMB, and the indirect value is 68830 × 10^8 yuan RMB. The indirect value is more than its direct value. The value of marine ecosystem services is mainly on support function which is about 74.68 percent of the total value in the Bohai Sea. The article shows that the classification and value assessment methods of marine ecosystem service should be improved in future. To a certain extent, the appraised value is deviated to the real value of marine ecosystem service in Bohai Sea.