基因型与环境对小麦粗脂肪含量的影响及其稳定性分析

Effect of Genotype and Environment on Content of Wheat Crude Lipid and Its Stability Analysis

针对生产上小麦粗脂肪含量变化很大的问题，选用参加2005-2006年山东省小麦高肥1组区域试验的11个材料，进行粗脂肪含量及其稳定性分析试验。结果表明：不同品种、不同地点间小麦籽粒粗脂肪含量变幅为1．6％-2．7％，变异系数为4．55-13．28；利用主效可加互作可乘模型（AMMI）对其进行稳定性分析，得知粗脂肪含量存在显著的品种和地点间的互作效应，其中品种的固定效应导致的变异最大，品种和地点互作次之，地点（含重复）效应较小；但不同品种与不同试点的交互作用不同，每个品种（系）对试点都有其特殊的适应性。因此，在小麦产业化种植时，要获得粗脂肪达到标准的商品粮食，既要选准适宜的品种又要注意适宜的种植区域。

Wheat crude lipid is an important index for classifying wheat, and it often indicates the most appropriate end use of wheat cultivars. In order to discuss the problem of large fluctuations in wheat crude lipid that occurs during commercial wheat production, the variations and stability of wheat crude lipid and its consistency were analyzed using 11 principal high-quality wheat cultivars （varieties） from Shandong Province, which were grown at nine different locations during 2005-2006. The results indicated that the content amplitude of wheat crude lipid was 1.6%-2. 7%, and its coefficient of variation ranged from 4. 55 to 13.28 among different varieties and locations. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction （AMMI） analysis showed that there was significant interaction for wheat crude lipid between varieties and growth locations. The genotype effect was the most noticeable, followed by the interaction of genotype and environment. The environ-mental effect was the least significant. The interactions between variety and location differed greatly, however. Each cultivar （variety） apparently has a specific adaptability to growth location. Therefore, for the successful commercial scale production of high- quality wheat, we should select both the proper cultivar and its most suitable growth locations to meet the desired requirements for wheat crude lipid.