4Gustilo RB,et al.Problems in the management of type Ⅲ (severe) open fracture:a new classification of type Ⅲ open fracture[J].J Trau- ma,1984,24:742.
5Gacbler C ,Berger U ,Schandelmaier P,et aLRates and odds ratios for complicatians in closed and open tibial fractures treated with un- dreamed,small diameter tibial nails: amulticenter analysis of 467 case[J].J Orthop Trauma, 2008,387( 15 ):415-423.