应急管理中资源布局评估与调整的模型和算法

Modelling and Algorithm of Resource Location and Allocation Assessment and Adjustment in Emergency Management

制定应急预案是应急管理的重要工作之一,由于地区对应急资源的需求随突发事件的级别不同而不同并且可能随时间发生变化,因此在应急预案制定过程中,评估已有资源布局对地区需求的保障程度显得十分重要。本文构造一个基于时间、资源供给和需求的损失函数,用于评估给定资源布局下可能出现的各个级别突发事件对地区造成的损失。对损失值较大的资源布局建立优化模型进行调整,优化模型考虑到了增加或者减少应急服务点的个数以及增加应急服务点的资源量,是集选址和资源配置于一体的模型,文章最后讨论了算法并给出一个算例。

Emergency planning plays an important role in emergency management. It is necessary to evaluate the availability of resources on the current resource distribution because resource demand will change along with time and different degree of emergency. This paper proposes a loss function based on time, resource supply and demand to evaluate the loss under a given resource distribution when different degrees of emergencies will occur. An optimization model is developed to adjust the current resource location and allocation when the loss is not accepted. In this optimization model, adding or closing some facilities and adding resource are considered. This paper explores the algorithm of this model and gives a numerical example finally.