大连市儿童血铅水平对矿物质和微量元素的影响变化

Changes in minerals and trace elements in children with level of blood lead

目的：探讨大连市的儿童血铅水平对矿物质和微量元素的影响变化。方法：选择来医院就诊的592例2～18岁患儿为研究对象。根据铅中毒诊断标准，将患儿分为铅中毒组和铅暴露对照组。结果：铅中毒组血清锌和硒水平（1096．08±221．46μg／L、92．88±16．06μg／L）与铅暴露对照组（1081．86±234．80μg／L、92．58±19．21μg／L）差异无显著性（P〉0．05），铅与血钙存在显著负相关关系（R=-2．14，P〈0．005）。对各组儿童年龄进行分段（学龄前期〈7岁、学龄期8～12岁、青少年期13～18岁）比较，发现铅中毒对微量元素的影响主要发生在学龄前期和青春发育期。结论：铅中毒患儿的防治中应首先纠正锌、硒等微量元素的缺乏和不足，同时适当补钙以驱铅治疗。在大连市的铅防治中更应重视纠正硒的缺乏和不足，避免单纯补锌而加剧硒代谢的紊乱。

Objective：To investigate of effect of level of serum lead on the metabolism of minerals and trace elements. Methods A tolal of 592 children aged 2 -18 years were selected from outpatient department. Based on the diagnostic criteria for lead poisoning （serum lead ≥100 μg/L） , the children were classified into lead poisoning group and control group, the serum lead was measured by atomic absorption with graphite crucible , the serum Se was measured by fluorospectro photometry, the serum Zn was measured by flame photometry, Results： In general, thelevels of serum Zn and Se [ （ 1096.08 ±221.46μg/L） and （92.88 ±16.06 μg/L） ] in children with lead poisoning were no obvious difference than those[ （1081.86 ±234.80 μg/L）and（92.58 ±19.21 μg/L）] in control group （P 〉 0.05 ）, and the level of serum lead was negatively correlated with the serum calcium（R = - 2.14, P〈 0.005 ）. Furthermore comparison among children with different ages showed that under conditions of poisoning the influences in minerals and trace elements was mainly occued by aged 2- 7 years and aged 13-18 years . Conclusions：The first should be corrected the lack of the serum Zn and Se , especially in children with lead poisoning might be suggested modest supply calcium can decrease the level of serum lead. Correcting the disturb of the suppliment of Se will be helpful in prevention and treatment of lead poisoning in children in dalian.