胸部X线摄影相邻器官受照剂量当量评估

Evaluation of Dose Equivalent of Exposure Dose in Neighbor Organs X-Ray Photography in Chest

目的:探讨胸部高、低管电压X线摄片对人体不同组织器官的受照剂量当量大小。方法:通过热释光测量计来检测胸部高、低管电压及不同大小照射野摄片时,投照中心点、甲状腺、乳腺及耻骨联合处受照剂量当量。结果:以中心测量点为参考点:胸部后前位用高管电压比低管电压摄片平均减少82%剂量当量,侧位高管电压比低管电压摄片平均减少194%剂量当量。高管电压摄片时,非投照中心点各敏感器官受照剂量当量均比低管电压摄片时低。结论:胸部摄片时管电压越高,照射野越小,照射野外各部位受照剂量当量亦越少。各敏感器官以乳腺受照剂量当量最大,其次为甲状腺,性腺区最少。

Objective To investigate the magnitude of dose equivalent of exposure dose in different organs of human being using high and low KV X-Ray photography in chest. Methods Dose equivalent of exposure in point of centricity, thyroid, mammary gland and pubic symphysis were detected using thermoluminescence determinator when photographed using different size of exposure field or high and low KV in chest, Results Using center measure point as reference point, dose equivalent in high KV reduced 82% in average to low KV in posterior-anterior position of chest, dose equivalent in high KV reduced 194% in average to low KV in lateral position of chest. All dose equivalent of exposure dose in sensitive organs in non-projection center in high KV photography lower than those in low KV photography. Conclusion When the KV is as high as possible and the exposure field is as small as possible, each dose equivalent of exposure dose of organs out of exposure field is decrease. ＇Dose equivalent of exposure dose in mammary is the highest, those in thyroid is the secondary, and genitical gland area has the lowest dose.