贵州省2001～2006年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征分析

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON EPIDEMIC CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS IN GUIZHOU FROM 2001 TO 2006

[目的]分析贵州省2001～2006年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行趋势,为制定流脑防控策略提供科学依据。[方法]对疫情信息监测管理系统的监测资料及个案调查资料采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。[结果]2001～2006年全省累计报告1398例流脑病例,年均发病率为0.62/10万;累计死亡92人,年均死亡率为0.41/10万;年均病死率为6.58%;遵义、毕节、铜仁和安顺流脑发病数占总病例数的66.17%;病例中以学生为主(63%),其次为散居儿童(21%);10岁以下病例占51.22%;高发季节为冬春季,发病高峰是2～4月。[结论]贵州省应以实时监测、现场快速反应、适时加强信息沟通为流脑防控的主要策略,在重点地区、重点人群通过采取加强疫情监测,开展流脑疫苗的预防接种以及健康教育和宣传动员等一系列综合措施,以降低流脑发病率和死亡率。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemic trend of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis（ECM）from 2001 to 2006 in Guizhou,so as to provide basis for instituting controlling strategy for ECM.[Methods]The supervision Information from the epidemic situation surveillance administration system and information about case investigation were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology.[Results]1398 cases with ECM were reported from 2001 to 2006. The average incidence was 0.62/104;and a total of 92 people dead because of ECM with the average rate of 0.41/104;The average mobility per year was 6.58 %;The cases with ECM in Zunyi,Bijie,Tongren and Anshun accounted for 66.17% among all the cases with ECM in Guizhou,most of them was students（63 %）,followed by the decentralization resident population（21%）;51.22% of the cases with ECM was below the age of 10 years;The high incidence seasons were winter and spring as well as the high incidence months were from February to April.[Conclusion]The main strategies for controlling ECM were real-time supervision,rapid intervention,responsive risk communication. A series of comprehensive measures were taken to strengthen the supervision of ECM,develop the vaccination of ECM and health education as well as propaganda mobilization,so as to decrease the incidence and morbility of ECM.