中央储备粮中主要害虫种类及抗性状况调查

INVESTIGATION ON STORED GRAIN INSECT SPECIES AND RESISTANCE TO PHOSPHINE IN STATE GRAIN RESERVES OF CHINA

通过对246个中央储备粮库磷化氢熏蒸杀虫应用情况的调查信息分析,归纳了当前中央储备粮储藏中通常发生的主要害虫种类及其对应于储粮生态区域分布的差异性,通过对磷化氢熏蒸杀虫难度的调查,研究了储粮害虫对磷化氢的抗性概况,并对磷化氢有效熏蒸杀虫提出大体建议。结果表明,在中央储备粮中实际发生的害虫种类很少,只有米象、玉米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗、锯谷盗、长角扁谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗、土耳其扁谷盗和书虱常见。而较难熏蒸治理的种类主要是书虱、长角扁谷盗、土耳其扁谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗、谷蠹、米象、赤拟谷盗等,且熏蒸治理难度较大的储粮区主要在华南区、华东华中区和西南区。

A survey on species, distribution and resistance to phosphine of stored grain insect pests was carried out for 246 state grain reserves in China. The species of the insects occoured in the stored grain commonly include Sitophilus oryzae（Linnaeus）, S. zeamais Motschulsky, Rhyzopertha dominica （Fabricius）, Triboliurn castaneum （ Herbst ）, Oryzaephilus surinamensis （Linnaeus）, Cryptolestes turcicus （Grouvelle）, C. ferrugineus（Stephens）, C. pusillus（Schonherr）and psocides. Some species of them beared higher level of resistrance to phosphine such as psocides, C. turcicus, C. pusillus, C. ferrugineus, R. dominica, S. oryzae, T. castaneum, most of them distributed in the south of China. And some general suggestion about successful fumigation with phosphine was discussed.