对韦努蒂“异化”翻译策略的反思

Rethinking Venuti's Translating Strategy of Foreignization

当前西方归化/异化的讨论多从后殖民理论视角出发,揭示强势文化在翻译外国文学时所采取的归化策略的文化殖民主义本质,提倡异化的策略作为一种抵抗以求文化交流上的平等。文章剖析了韦努蒂的异化翻译策略,并与传统译论视域中的异化/归化策略进行了比较。同时提出,在弱势文化向强势文化传播过程的初期,归化翻译不失为一种权宜之计。但在具体的翻译实践中,传统译论视域中的归化/异化手段较韦努蒂倡导的异化策略更具操作性。译者还是应在忠实于原文和不妨碍译文读者理解的前提下使归化异化互为补充,并防止过度归化或异化。

In the postcolonial context in the West, domesticating translation is often criticized as a way for powerful cultures to extend cultural hegemony over weaker cultures, and foreignizing translation is advocated as a means of resisting the advance of powerful cul- tures. This paper explores Venuti＇ s translating strategy of foreignizing, and makes a distinction between Venuti＇ s foreignizing translation and localization/alienation translation discussed in our country ,and proposes that domesticating translation could be treated as an expedient at the beginning of transmission from weaker cultures to powerful ones. However, as for translating practice, localization and alienation in the context of the traditional translation theories is more operational than foreignization proposed by Venuti. On the premise that the target text is faithful to the source text and the target audience can understand the translation, the translator should make localization and alienation supplement each other, meanwhile, avoid over localization or alienation.