略论第二次世界大战期间的苏联和土耳其关系

On the Relation between USSR and Turkey in World WarⅡ

第二次世界大战期间,宣布"中立"的土耳其政府实际上执行了亲德反苏的政策。大战爆发后签定英法土三国互助条约,明显针对苏联;苏德战争爆发前夕与德国签定互不侵犯条约,沉重打击苏联;在参加对德作战问题上一再拖延,源于亲德仇苏;战争后期苏联意欲在黑海海峡问题上惩罚土耳其,却适得其反,将其推向西方,对自身利益构成危害。二战期间的苏土紧张关系表明,一国对外政策以国家利益为依据,但以尊重它国利益为前提。

During World WarlI ,The Turkey government which announced ＇neutral＇ , in fact carried out Germanophilia police and opposed USSR. The mutual aid treaty which signed among UK, France and Turkey,obviously aim at USSR;Before the war broken out between USSR and Germany ,Turkey signed the nonaggression treaty with Germany and this treaty strike Soviet Union heavily;On the issue of participating the war which opposed Germany,the Turkey government procrastinated again and again,originated from its hostile attitude to USSR. After the world war Ⅱ, the USSR was about to punishing Turkey on the Black Sea channel problem but it got just the opposite result and pushed the Turkey to the west. Finally the USSR damaged its serf - interest. The intense retaliation between USSR and Turkey during the world war Ⅱ indicates that one country foreign policy bases on their own benefits, but respecting the benefits of other country, is the premise.