健康教育卡片在卧床患者家庭护理并发症预防中的应用观察

The Application of Health Education Card in Preventing Family Care Complications in Long-term Bedridden Patients

目的探讨健康教育卡片在卧床患者家庭护理并发症预防方面的应用效果。方法将210例即将出院的卧床患者的陪人按照随机数字法随机分为干预组和对照组各105例,干预组出院前2 d根据患者的健康状态和需求,制作个体化健康教育卡片,并指导家庭陪护者对照实施;对照组只进行常规的出院健康教育指导。出院后随访2个月,观察两组患者的家庭护理并发症发生情况。结果干预组患者压疮、坠积性肺炎、便秘、下肢静脉血栓形成的发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论在卧床患者家庭陪护人员中应用健康教育卡片,对于预防卧床患者的家庭护理并发症效果显著。

Objective To explore the effect of applying health education card in the prevention of family care complications in long-term bedridden patients. Methods 210 family attendants of 210 patients to be discharged from the hospital were equally divided into intervention group and control group. In the intervention group, individualized health education cards were made based on individual health conditions and needs two days before discharge, to instruct the family attendants to exercise care following the instructions on the cards. The controls only received routine health education before discharge. 2 months follow-up was done to investigate the complications during family care. Results The incidences of bedsore, hypostatic pneumonia, constipation, deep venous thrombosis in lower extremity in the intervention group were significantly fewer than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The application of health education card among the family attendants caring the long-term bedridden patients is effective in the prevention of family care complications.