老年痴呆吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能训练的护理

The Nursing of Senile Dementia Patients with Deglutition Disorder during Deglutition Training

对41例老年痴呆吞咽障碍患者进行咽部冷刺激、吞咽肌群及摄食训练等吞咽功能训练,其中30例患者吞咽功能有不同程度恢复。通过对患者进行心理疏导,给家属及照顾者健康指导,取得患者与家属的积极配合,明显改善了患者的吞咽功能。认为痴呆患者有记忆力、定向力和判断力障碍,吞咽康复训练的效果与患者、家属的配合有很大的关系;训练时需要护士的耐心、患者的毅力和家属照顾者的配合,训练中对患者哪怕有一点点进步也要给予鼓励,以增强其信心。

41 senile dementia patients with deglutition disorder received deglutition training like cold stimulus of pharyngeal portion, training of deglutive muscle group and intake of foods. 30 of them had their deglutition function recovered at various degrees. By summarizing their nursing strategies including mental instruction, instruction for their families and care-givers, gaining active cooperation from the patients and their families, the authors concluded that dementia patients had disorders in memory, direction- identification and judgment, the training effect was closely related to the cooperation from them as well as their families; the training needed nurse＇ s patience, persistence of patients and cooperation from care-givers; the patients should be encouraged at any time to reinforce their confidence.