美国柔枝松研究现状及其应用前景

The General Situation of Pinus flexilis in America and the Future in China

文章主要阐述了柔枝松在美国的研究现状及其在我国引进应用的前景。柔枝松(Pinus flexilisJames.)又名五针松、落基山白松,是北美洲西部分布最广泛的松属树种之一。其生境干旱,能够耐干旱、耐寒和耐瘠薄,能适应多种土壤,还能抗强风,适应性很强,也是先锋树种。柔枝松早期苗木生长缓慢,但具优良的生物学特性,遗传多样性较高,不同种源、家系(包括无性系)的柔枝松在树冠特征、根系分布、树高及胸径生长、抗逆性(耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄等)等方面都有很大的差异。该树种也是一种经济价值较高、具有开发前景的优良树种。因此,在我国北方地区,特别是在西北及华北地区引种柔枝松,具有非常广阔的应用前景。

The general situation of Pinus flexilis in America is emphasized. Limber pine （Pinus flexilis）, also known as white pine or Rocky Mountain white pine, is a long-lived, slow-growing tree of small to medium size. Its wood, light in weight, close-grained, and pale yellow, is used for rough construction, mine timbers, railroad ties, and poles. Its harvest is incidental to that of other, more desirable species. It is one of the widespread species in the west of North America. The limber pine has excellent biology property, can tolerate cold, drought and barren , can adapt many kinds of soil and resist strong wind. Genetic variation exists within limber pine in a general northsouth pattern, but the range of variability for any one trait is small. Three possible races of limber pine have been suggested, the different is large among provenances. And it is a excellent tree in high economy value and exploita- tion foreground. So the introduction of the limber pine has broad application foreground in north of china, especially in Northwest and North China.