林分改造与森林环境优化

Forest Stand Improvement and the Amelioration of Forest Environment

林分改造就是根据当地的地带性森林植被类型,有目的地选择一些适合当地生长的树种,通过人工手段对现有生态功能经济效益较差的森林进行改造,从而促进森林向地带性森林群落演替或按设计目标形成某种植物群落的一种造林方法。林分改造是对于现有林分的结构和功能的优化。文章从林分改造的原则和方法、树种选择、林分改造对土壤理化性质的影响、林分改造与生态系统服务功能等方面论述了林分改造对森林环境的优化作用及林分改造与林业生态建设的关系,综述了林分改造的相关研究,并对林分改造的技术措施做了较全面的概括。

Forest stand improvement is a procedure or method for artificial stand rehabilitation or amelioration by way of reforestation using indigenous tree species, in order to make forest succession towards the zonal vegetation or towards a targeted forest community by design. It is the improvement of the existing forest stand in both structure and function. This article reveals the relations of forest stand improvement to the amelioration of forest environment and to forest ecological construction, with a focus on principles and methods of stand improvement, tree species selection, influence of stand improvement on soil physicochemical properties, and stand improvement and ecosystem services. It reviews past and current studies on stand improvement and summarizes the procedures and methods for stand improvement.