洞庭湖区水葫芦分布及危害的评价

The distribution and harmfulness of Eichhornia crassipes in Dongting area

对洞庭湖区(常德市、益阳市、岳阳市)河道、池塘、沟渠三大生境中的水葫芦Eichhornia crassipes的发生、分布及危害情况进行了初步调查,发现整个洞庭湖区,无论是河道(主要是小河和河滩)、沟渠还是池塘,都有水葫芦的危害,水葫芦在这些水体中常常形成单一优势种群,尤其在闲置池塘和沟渠中的危害程度非常严重,在洞庭湖区,对益阳市危害最严重,其次是常德市,岳阳市相对危害最轻。

The occurrences, distributions and harmfulness of Eichhornia crassipes in river channels, canals and ponds of Dongting area were investigated preliminarily. The result showed that E. crassipes had led to harmful water not only in river channels and canals, but also in ponds of Dongting area. Once there was appropriate condition for its growth, it must be develop crazily and become the single dominant species that restrained other species. The E. crassipes harmfulness of canals and ponds is very serious. The harmfulness degree of E. crassipes in Dongting area is the most in Yiyang city, the second most in Changde city, and the least in Yueyang city .