呼伦贝尔森林—草原交错区景观持续性分析

Analysis of landscape sustainability in Hulunbeir Forest-Steppe ecotone

以1988、1995、2000和2004年4期的TM遥感影像数据为信息源,利用GIS图像、数据处理功能,获取了呼伦贝尔森林-草原交错区的景观格局空间分布信息,并在此基础上,通过不同尺度下的景观格局特征指数的持续性分析,揭示了该区景观格局动态变化的趋势。研究结果表明:景观尺度下,景观多样性指数与分维数指数的持续性增加,而优势度的持续性降低,说明研究区景观格局正在朝着更为破碎化、复杂化的方向发展;类型尺度下,景观斑块分维数、形状指数、分离度的持续性在以林地、草地、耕地、未利用土地为代表的景观类型中均增幅明显,各类型都呈现出景观斑块形状越来越不规则,分布越来越分散的特征。

Based on the TM date of 1988, 1995, 2000 and 2004, the information of landscape pattern in Hulunbeir forest-steppe ecotone was obtained by using the integrated techniques of Remote Sensing （RS） and Geographic Information System （GIS）. Aimed at measuring the spatial-temporal dynamics of landscape pattern in the study area, this paper analyzed the changes of sustainability index of landscape characters on different temporal scales. The results showed that the sustainability index of landscape diversity and fractal dimension increased, meanwhile, the sustainability index of landscape dominance decreased on the landscape scale. The landscape at Hulunbeir Forest--Steppe ecotone tended to be more fragmented and complicated. And, on the type scale, the sustainability index of patch fractal dimension, shape and division has increased obviously in forest, grassland, cultivated land and unused land. The patch of main landscape types fended to be more anomalous and dispersed.