空海勤人员正视眼高阶像差和视觉质量

High-order aberrations and visual quality analysis in emmetropic eyes of navy and air-force

目的：分析正视眼高阶像差的相关因素及其与对比敏感度的关系，为评估高阶像差的临床意义及其与视功能的关联性，为临床准分子激光个体化切削手术的合理应用提供客观依据。方法：利用波阵面像差仪（WaveLight analyzer，德国）和对比敏感度仪（Kontrastometer BA-4，德国）对40例80眼空勤和海勤男性进行检测，年龄16～35（平均21．9±3．4）岁，裸眼视力（uncorrected visual acuity，UCVA）为1．0～2．0，平均（1．32±0．30）。结果：左右眼高阶像差差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。C3^-1（垂直彗差）与远近视力呈负相关趋势（r〈0，P〉0．05）。C3^-1与柱镜呈之间的负相关有统计学意义，C3^-3与等效球镜在瞳孔〈7mm时的负相关有统计学意义，C4^0（球面像差）与球镜在瞳孔〉5mm时的正相关有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。RMS3～6，RMSh与球镜、柱镜、等效球镜的相关性无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。C3^-1,RMS3，RMSh与年龄的负相关有统计学意义（P〈0．01），C4^0与年龄的相关性无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。在瞳孔直径为4mm和7mm时，C4^0，RMS3，RMS4，RMSh的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），C3^-1的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。C3^-1与WOG（对比敏感度系数之一，值越小对比敏感度越高）在瞳孔≥5mm时的正相关有统计学意义（P〈0．05），C3^-3与其他对比敏感度系数呈正相关趋势（r〉0．P〉0．05）。结论：眼别对正视眼高阶像差无影响。年龄〈40岁者高阶像差随年龄增加而减少，并随瞳孔增大而增加。C3^-3趋向于越小，即负值越大，视力越好，对比敏感度越佳。

AIM： To analyze high order aberrations （ HOAs ） and contrast sensitivity （ CS ） in emmetropic eyes, and supply the data to evaluate clinical significance and relationship. METHODS： Forty cases （80 eyes） from navy or air-force volunteers （all males, 16 - 35 years, mean age 21.9 ± 3.4 years） were checked. Uncorrected visual acuity （UCVA） was 1.32 ± 0.30 （1.0-2.0） . Aberration and CS analysis was based on the Tscherning theory from the Wave Light Company （Germany） and from Kontrastometer BA4 （BKG MEDIZIN TECHNIK,Germany）. RESULTS： There was no significant difference in highorder aberrations between the left and right eyes. No significant relationship but a negative correlation appeared between C3^-1 and UCVA. There was a negative correlation between C3^-1 and cylinder（ P 〈 0. 05 ）/spherical equivalence （P 〈 0.05） when pupil size 〈 7ram. There was a positive relationship between C4^0 and sphere （P 〈 0.05）when pupil size 〉 5mm. No significant relationship was shown between RMS3-6/RMSh and sphere/cylinder/ spherical equivalence （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. There was a negative relationship between C3-1/RMS3/RMSh and age （P 〈 0. 01 ） ,but no relationship was shown between C4^0 and age （P 〉 0. 05 ）. No significant difference was presented between 4mm and 7mm pupil diameter in C3^-1 （ P〉0.05）, but there was a significant difference in C4^0（ P〈 0.01 ） and in RMS3/RMS4/RMSh （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was a positive correlation between C3^-1 and WOG （CS coefficient without glare） （ P 〈 0.05） when pupil size ≥ 5mm. No significant relationship but a positive trend was shown between C3^-1 and other CS coefficients. CONCLUSION ： For HOAs in emmetropic eyes, there are no significant differences between the left and right eyes. HOAs has a negative relationship with age and a positive relationship with pupil size （age 〈 40 years）. There is a trend that with a decrease in C3^-1, the more negative C3^-1 is, the better UCVA and CS become.