基于采场覆岩空间结构的宽条带开采技术研究

Study of Wide Strip Mining Based on Spatial Structure Principle of Overlying Strata

基于采场覆岩空间结构理论,分析厚硬岩层组在控制地表沉陷中的作用.根据厚硬岩层组与煤柱组成的空间支撑结构原理,提出大采宽留宽宽条带开采设计思路,并推导该宽条带开采参数的设计方法,理论分析了其可行性和优越性.结合现场实例,设计相应的条带开采参数,通过FLAC3D数值模拟和现场观测相结合的方法,对比分析了大采宽留宽条带开采实施前后地表下沉系数,以及对地表沉陷的控制效果.结果表明,基于采场覆岩空间结构的大采宽留宽宽条带开采技术是可行的,能够在控制地表沉陷的同时,提高了条带开采的效率和资源回收率.

First, we analyzed the control action of the thick-hard strata on surface subsidence. And then, based on the principle of spatial support structure composed of thick-hard strata and coal pillars, we proposed a new design thinking about the wide strip mining in which great width is kept and derived a method for determining the mining parameter. In addition we also analyzed the feasibility and advantages of such mining method. Based on the case study, we designed some parameters for strip mining, and, using the FLAC^3D numerical simulation, we analyzed and compared the subsidence coefficients before and after the great width strip mining was used. The result shows that the newly proposed great width strip mining method is feasible. It can not only control the surface subsidence but also increase the mining efficient and resources recovery.