抑郁障碍患者与家属家庭亲密度适应性和情绪状况的研究

Study of Family Intimacy,Adaptability and Emotional State of Patients with Depression and Their Relatives

目的探讨抑郁障碍患者与家属的家庭亲密度适应性和情绪状况,为抑郁障碍患者的健康教育及家庭干预提供科学有效的理论依据。方法选择2006年6～9月在北京大学第六医院就诊的抑郁障碍患者95例及共同陪伴的直系家属95例为调查对象。采用家庭亲密度和适应性量表中文版(FACES-CV)、Zung氏焦虑自评量表和Zung氏抑郁自评量表。结果1患者的家庭亲密度得分与国内常模一致(P>0.05),但适应性得分低于国内常模(P<0.01);焦虑、抑郁得分高于国内常模(P<0.01)。家属的家庭亲密度得分高于国内常模(P<0.01),适应性得分低于国内常模(P<0.01)。家属的焦虑得分与国内常模一致(P>0.05),但抑郁得分高于国内常模(P<0.05)。2家庭模式分型构成比:中间型47.9%,平衡性26.3%,极端型25.8%。患者的家庭"拱极模式"以"僵硬—松散型"居多,家属则以"自由—缠结型"居多。3家庭亲密度与患者的家属的文程化度有关,相关系数范围(r=0.21～0.26,P<0.05)、与家庭人数呈负相关(r=-0.21,P<0.01);与患者及家属的焦虑、抑郁情绪呈显著负相关,相关系数范围(r=-0.30～0.37,P<0.01);家庭适应性与患者的年龄(r=0.28,P<0.01)、文化程度(r=0.34,P<0.01)有关。与家属的年龄(r=0.26,P<0.05)文化程度(r=0.22,P<0.05)有关。与患者和家属的焦虑、抑郁情绪呈显著负相关,相关系数范围(r=-0.30～-0.42,P<0.01)。结论家庭亲密度适应性与患者和家属的文化程度、焦虑、抑郁情绪有关,家庭亲密度与患者的家庭人数有关,家庭适应性与患者和家属的年龄有关。

Objective To discnss the adaptability to family intimacy and the emotional state of the patients with depression. To provide theoretical bases for patients education and family intervention for depressed patient. Methods Using the FACES Ⅱ- CV, the Self--Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and the Self-ratlng Depression Scale（SDS） evaluated 95 patients with depression and their 95 relatives, all patients were enrolled in the Sixth hospital of Peking University. Results （1）There was no difference on the score of patient＇s family intimacy compare to the normal, but the score on adaptability was lower while the score on anxiety and depression was higher than normal. For the family, there was no difference on the score of anxiety, while the score on the family intimacy and depression is higher and the score on the adaptability is lower than normal. （2）The constitute of the family model was middle type 47.9%, balance type 26.3%, extreme type 25.8%. Patient＇s family model is more common for ＂rigid-loose type＂, and the family is more common in ＂free-tangible type＂. （3）The family intimacy is related to the education of the patient and their family （r=0.21-0.26, P〈0.05）, is contra-related to the number of family members （r=-0.21, P〈0.01） as well as depression and anxiety of the patients and their family （r=-0.30～-0. 37, P〈0.01）. The adaptability to family intimacy is related to patients＇ and their family members＇ age （r=0. 28, P〈0.01; r=0.26, P〈0.05 respectively） and education （r=0.34, P〈0. 01 ; r=0.22, P〈0.05 respectively）, the depression and anxiety of the patients and their family was contra-related to the adaptability to family intimacy （r=-0.30～-0.42, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The adaptability to family intimacy is related to the age, educational background, anxiety, depression and the family number.