在可回用两水相体系中进行青霉素酰化酶的相转移催化裂解青霉素G为6-APA

Phase transfer catalyzed bioconversion of penicillin G to 6-APA by immobilized penicillin acylase in recyclable aqueous two-phase systems with light/pH sensitive copolymers

在光敏感可回用高聚物PNBC与pH敏感型可回用高聚物PADB形成的两水相体系中进行固定化青霉素酰化酶的相转移催化青霉素G产生6-APA的反应。在这个两水相体系中,通过优化,在1%NaCl存在下,6-APA的分配系数可达5.78。催化动力学显示,达平衡的时间近7h,反应最高得率约85.3%(pH7.8,20℃)。较相近条件下的单水相反应得率提高近20%。在两水相中,底物及产物主要分配在上相,固定化酶分配在下相,底物青霉素G进入下相经酶催化产生的6-APA及苯乙酸又转入上相,从而解除了青霉素酰化酶催化反应的底物及产物抑制作用,达到提高产物得率的效果。此外,采用固定化酶较固定化细胞效率高,占用下相体积小,较游离酶稳定性高,且完全单侧分配在下相。因此,在两水相中进行固定化酶的催化反应具有明显的优越性。形成两水相的高聚物PNBC通过488nm的激光照射或经滤光的450nm光源照射,pH敏感型成相聚合物PADB可实现循环利用,高聚物的回收率在95%￣98%之间。

Immobilized penicillin acylase was used for bioconversion of penicillin PG into 6-APA in aqueous two-phase systems consisting of a light-sensitive polymer PNBC and a pH-sensitive polymer PADB. Partition coefficients of 6-APA was found to be about 5.78 in the presence of 1% NaCI. Enzyme kinetics showed that the reaction reached equilibrium at roughly 7 h. The 6-APA mole yields were 85.3% （pH 7.8, 20 ~C）, with about 20% increment as compared with the reaction of single aqueous phase buffer. The partition coefficient of PG （Na） varied scarcely, while that of the product, 6-APA and phenylacetic acid （PA） significantly varied due to Donnan effect of the phase systems and hydrophobicity of the products. The variation of the partition coefficients of the products also affected the bioconversion yield of the products. In the aqueous two-phase systems, the substrate, PG, the products of 6-APA and PA were biased in the top phase, while immobilized penicillin acylase at completely partitioned at the bottom. The substrate and PG entered the bottom phase, where it was catalyzed into 6-APA and PA and entered the top phase. Inhibition of the substrate and products was removed to result in improvement of the product yield, and the immobilized enzyme showed higher efficiency than the immobilized cells and occupied smaller volume. Compared with the free enzyme, immobilized enzyme had greater stability, longer life-time, and was completely partitioned in the bottom phase and recycle. Bioconversion in two-phase systems using immobilized penicillin acylase showed outstanding advantage. The light-sensitive copolymer forming aqueous two-phase systems could be recovered by laser radiation at 488 nm or filtered 450 nm light, while pH-seusitive polymer PADB could be recovered at the isoelectric point （pH 4.1）. The recovery of the two copolymers was between 95% and 99%.