温度对食蚜瘿蚊生长发育的影响

Influence of temperature on the development of Aphidoletes aphidimyza

在19,22,25,28,31℃和RH为80%的组合下,测定食蚜瘿蚊Aphidoletes aphidimyza Rondani的发育历期,分析发育速率与温度的关系,并且测定各温度下食蚜瘿蚊的化蛹率和羽化率等生物学参数。实验结果表明：温度对食蚜瘿蚊的生长发育有较大影响。在19～28℃范围内,食蚜瘿蚊各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,而在28～31℃范围内,食蚜瘿蚊各虫态的发育历期随着温度的升高而略为延长。采用线性日度模型和Logistic模型对卵期、幼虫期、蛹期和全世代的发育速率进行模拟分析,2种模型均能较好地反映各虫态的发育速率。不同温度下食蚜瘿蚊的5天化蛹率和总羽化率差别较大,但以25℃下为最高,分别为88.00%和94.70%;而22℃下的化蛹率和羽化率与25℃下较为接近,分别为84.00%和90.66%,经分析差异不显著。食蚜瘿蚊最适生长发育温度为22～25℃。

The development of Aphidoletes aphidimyza （Rondani） was studied at 19,22,25,28,31℃ and 80% RH, and the data obtained were used to determine the rate of pupation and rate of adult emergence. The results show that there were of significantly different effects on A. aphidimyza under treatment of 19,22,25,28,31℃ respectively. The development of A. aphidimyza decreased with rising temperature between the rang of 19 - 28℃. But the development of it were increased between the rang of 28 - 31℃. The relationship between development and temperature displayed a good fit to the Logistic equation. The rate of pupation for 5 days and the rate of its adult emergence were highly different under 19 - 31℃. But under 25℃ the rate of pupation for 5 days and the rate of its adult emergence were the highest, were 88.00% and 94.70% respectively. The rate of pupation for 5 days and the rate of its adult emergence under 22℃ were close with its under 25℃, were 84.00% and 90.66% respectively. The temperature of 22 - 2.5℃ was more suitable than other any temperature treatment to its development and survival.