1954年山丹7·3级地震灾害

Investigation on the Shandan M_S 7.3 Earthquake Damages in 1954

1954年2月11日,中国西部河西走廊发生山丹7.3级强烈地震,这是建国以来发生在西北地区的第一个大地震。地震造成47人死亡,332人受伤,数万人无家可归;房屋损坏7277间,估计财产损失远高于2003年山丹6.1级地震灾害的直接经济损失。极震区烈度达Ⅺ度,红寺湖盆地、山丹县城破坏最重,山丹地区受灾面积4800km2。本文简要介绍了山丹地震参数、地震烈度及震区环境;重点描述了房屋建筑物破坏,分析了地震灾害特点及其经济损失估计。最后探讨了这次地震震害的成因、防震减灾的经验及其借鉴意义。

On February 11, 1954, an earthquake with Ms7.3 occurred in Shandan county of Hexi corridor,west China. It was the first great earthquake in northwest China after liberation （1949）. The earthquake caused 47 people to die, 332 people to be injured and tens of thousands people were homeless;nearly 7277 buildings were damaged or collapsed and estate loss of more than billion Yuan （RMB） at a.rough estimate. In the meizoseismal area, the intensity is Ⅺ, Hongsihu basin and Shandan County was most seriously destroyed, the Shandan damaged area was 4800km^2. The authors gave a description of the seismic outline, basic parameters, distribution of seismic intensity and natural environment. The characteristics of building destruction were particularly discussed, the earthquake disaster distribution features and economic loss evaluation are also analysed. Finally, experiences and lessons of protection against earthquake and disaster reduction are summed up, cause of formation on the earthquake damages are given in term of investigations.