气候变化对中国水安全的挑战

The Challenge of Water Safety to China under the Climatic Changes

在全球与区域气候变化背景下,我国降水总量将有所减少,时空分布更不均匀,干旱和洪涝灾害将进一步加剧,而气温升高将会造成蒸发量增大;冰川严重退化,海平面上升以及用水量增加,水环境恶化。加之人口与经济的增长以及城市化水平提高的压力,我国水安全形势变得将更加严峻。针对我国国情及水安全现状,我们可以从延缓气候变干和提高人类自身应对干旱的能力两个角度出发,对中国水安全对策进行初步探讨。

The regional and global climatic changes will result in the reduction and worse distribution of the precipitation in China, more serious drought and flood and evaporation, the decreasing glacier, the rising sea level, more water demand from the increasing population and urbanization, all of which will become a more serious challenge to China＇s water safety. The paper points out that the solution to these problems relies on avoiding further drought and improving our capability in this field.