青石棉污染区恶性肿瘤9年回顾队列研究

A retrospective cohort study(1987￣1995) of malignant neoplasms in a county contaminated with crocidolite

为了证实非职业性环境接触青石棉与恶性肿瘤，特别是肺癌和间皮瘤危险的关系，采用回顾性队列调查方法对大姚县青石棉污染区进行９年的死亡率调查。选择同省无石棉污染的禄丰县作为对照。结果表明：恶性肿瘤的死亡率为１８２．６０／１０万，其中肺癌死亡率为５３．２６／１０万，相对危险度高于对照，ＲＲ分别为１．４７，２．１４（Ｐ＜０．０１）；观察组中７例死于间皮瘤。提示：间皮瘤的死亡率在青石棉污染区是很高的，在３０岁以上人中，年死亡率为１７．７５／１０万人年，而对照组中未观察到间皮瘤。

To demonstrate the relationship between non occupationally environmental exposure to crocidolite and the risk of malignant neoplasms,particularly lung cancer and mesothelioma,a mortality study was performed in the Dayao County contaminated with crocidolite from 1987 to 1995 by a retrospective cohort method.Another population of Lufeng County in the same province,where was not contaminated with crocidolite was selected as the control group.The results showed that the mortality from malignant neoplasms was 182.60 per 10 5 population per year,in which lung cancer was 53.26 per 10 5 population. RR of mortality were 1.47 and 2.14( P <0.01) from malignant neoplasms and lung cancer respectively.There were 7 deaths due to mesothelioma in the observed group.It is considered that the mortality rate from mesothelioma was very high among residents in the county contaminated with crocidolite,being 17.75 per 10 5 among people over 30 years old. No mesothelioma was observed in the control group.