2006年通辽市麻疹流行特征分析

Analysis on the Epidemic Characteristics of Measles in Tongliao City in 2006

[目的]了解通辽市麻疹发病情况,分析流行原因,探讨控制策略。[方法]对通辽市2006年法定传染病报告系统和麻疹监测系统的麻疹发病资料进行统计分析,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清IgM抗体。[结果]通辽市2006年麻疹发病606例,发病率为20.19/10万,是该市2000年以来发病最高年,各旗(县、市、区)的发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。麻疹发病存在明显季节性,4～6月发病516例,占85.15%。发病年龄从2月龄到58岁。其中,<8月龄110例,占18.15%;8月龄至7岁172例,占28.38%;8～14岁74例,占12.21%;15～60岁250例,占41.25%。无麻疹疫苗(MV)免疫史者159例,占26.24%;免疫1剂的179例,占29.52%;免疫≥2剂的95例,占15.73%;免疫史不详的173例,占28.51%。男性发病351例,女性发病255例,男女性别比为1.38∶1。366例经血清学检测,麻疹IgM均为阳性。[结论]通辽市2006年麻疹发病率总体水平较高,发病人群中MV接种率较低,应做好儿童麻疹疫苗复种,探索非免疫规划人群控制麻疹的策略,最大限度地减少免疫空白,以降低麻疹的发病率。

[Objective]To understand epidemic characters and tendency of measles and analyze the incidence of inhabitants in Tongliao in order to control and prevent measles. [Methods]Measles cases were collected in Tongliao in 2006 and the epidemic characteristics were analyzed. Elisa was adopted to detect IgM antibody in serum. [Results]606 cases were reported in this city in 2006 and the incidence of measles is 20.19/100 000. The incidence was the highest since 2000. There was significant different in the incidence of measles among 8 counties（ P〈0.01）. There was significant season features, the high incidence period was from March to May. Age range of cases was under 8 monthes old are 110 （18. 15%） ,and between 8 monthes and 7 years old are 172 （28.38%） and between 8 and 14 years old are 74 （12.21%） ,and between 15 and 60 years old are 250 （41.25%）. The all inoculation of measles＇vaccination is low, 159 hasn＇t inoculation of MV（26.24%）, 274 has（45.25%）and 173 is ambiguous （28.51%）. The ration of incidence between male and female is 1.38： 1,male is 351 and female is 255. IgM antibody was positive among serological detections of 366 measles cases. [Conclusion]The incidence of measles in Tongliao in 2006 is in higher level and the inoculation of MV in 606 cases is low. At present,complementary immunization and to improve the valid vaccination rate are our most impoltant task.