普鲁卡因在氰化物中毒中作用的初步研究

Primary Study on Effect of Procaine on Cyanide Intoxication

为了对普鲁卡因等药物拮抗氰化物中毒作用及其机制进行研究，采用ＬＤ５０测定的序贯法，观察了普鲁卡因及其药物组合对氰化物ＬＤ５０的影响。同时采用原子吸收火焰分光光度法，测定了普鲁卡因对氰化物引起脑神经元钙改变的影响。普鲁卡因具有拮抗氰化物中毒作用。此作用在其单独应用时相对较小，当普鲁卡因合用亚硝酸钠或硫代硫酸钠，或三者一起合用时其抗毒效价分别达到２．８１，３．５７和６．２２，而且普鲁卡因的抗氰作用具有剂量－反应关系。氰化物中毒时，脑神经元钙的含量在３０分钟内明显升高。普鲁卡因具有抑制氰化物中毒所引起的脑神经元钙升高的作用。普鲁卡因抗氰作用可能与其维持神经细胞内的钙稳态有关。

The study investigated the effect of procaine,alone or joint use with other antagonists in protecting against the toxicity of cyanide and its effect on neuronal calcium of the brain in cyanide intoxicated mice.The results showed that procaine might provide a significant protection against the toxicity of potassium cyanide,but its effect was lower than that of sodium nitrite or sodium thiosulfate while the protective effect of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate could be enhanced by procaine.When procaine was used jointly with sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate,the protective effect was obviously,the antitoxic potency might increased 6 22 times.Potassium cyanide(7mg/kg,ip)significantly increased the total calcium level of brain from 28 37 ±0 75 to 48 05 ±1 06 μg/g dry wt.Within 30 min .Pretreated with procain,15 min before potassium cyanide injection,might prevent the increase of whole brain total calcium,and could also alleviate the toxic symptoms of the mice.Therefore the mechanism of procaine antagonizing cyanide intoxication seemed related to inhibiting the increase of neuronal calcium,thereby keeping the homeostasis of neuronal calcium.