自杀问题的教育哲学省思

Rethinking Suicide Issues from the Perspective of Educational Philosophy

自杀是当今社会的瘟疫,是人道主义的灾难。以往社会学和心理学有关自杀问题的分析和解释是有局限性的。社会性伤害事件以及精神系统的疾病不足以直接导致人们的自杀。直接导致人们自杀的原因是人生意义感的匮乏。人生意义与人生的事实以及人生的价值不同,是对人生价值合理性的反思与体验。人生意义的匮乏源于人生所依据的价值特别是核心价值缺乏合理性或原有合理性丧失。教育在人生意义包括青少年学生人生意义救治方面应该有所作为,也能够有所作为。为此,教育者必须明确自己在这方面的责任,对造成意义危机的社会根源有清醒认识,注重培养学生的价值理性,强化人文教育和教育的人文性,提高教师的人文素养和对于人生问题的敏锐洞察力。

Suicide is the plague of the current society, and even a disaster of humanism. The traditional explanations on this issue from the perspectives of sociology and psychology are insufficient. To be specific, social damaging events and mental disease may not lead to suicide directly. The immediate cause of suicide, for the present author, lies in the absence of life meaning. Actually, the deficiency of life meaning results from the absence or continuous crisis of rationality of life value. Therefore, education should play its role in making sense to the youth. In other words, educators must realize their responsibility in this respect and be clearly conscious of the social root of life crisis. They should focus on cultivating the students＇ value rationality, enhance the humanistic education and the humanity of schooling, and promote their own humanistic quality and insights for life issues.