抑制Pm8抗性表达的遗传学研究及Pm8抗性抑制基因的染色体定位

A Genetic Study on the Suppression of the PowderyMildew Resistance Gene Pm8

对不同１ＢＬ·１ＲＳ易位系品种中Ｐｍ８抗性表达的差异进行了遗传学及生化研究。结果表明，小麦抗白粉病基因Ｐｍ８位于１ＲＳ染色体上，但在一些１ＢＬ·１ＲＳ易位系品种中，Ｐｍ８的抗性表达受一对位于小麦染色体组中的显性抑制基因所控制。生化研究结果显示，在种子蛋白ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳图谱上的低分子量区域，有一条醇溶蛋白带（称为ＳＢ带）与Ｐｍ８的抗性表达紧密相关。所有ＩＢＬ·ＩＲＳ感白粉病基因型都含有ＳＢ带。利用ＳＢ蛋白带做生化标记，可以准确预测１ＢＬ·１ＲＳ易位系品种对白粉病的抗感性。通过时１ＢＬ·１ＲＳ易位系品种格蓝森８１单体１Ａ种质的综合分析，进一步将Ｐｍ８抗性抑制基因定位于其相应的部分同源染色体１Ａｓ上。这一结果可能预示着小麦部分同源染色体之间的某些内在联系。

The wheat gene Pm8 for resistance to powdery mildew wu shown to be located in the 1 RS chromosome derived from cereal rye cultivar Petkus. Pm8 was not expressed in some wheat varieties carrying the 1 BL ·1 RS translocation The frequency of suppression of Pm8 in 1 BL ·1 RS wheat from CIMMYT was higher than those from China and Australia . In those varieties, the expression of gene Pm8 for powdery mildew resistance is controlled by a dominant suppressor gene located on chromosome 1 AS. The suppressor is completely associated with the presence of a storage protein marker (SB band) resolved by electrophoresis on SDS-PAGE gels. The mildew response phenotypes of wheat possessing 1 BL . 1 RS translocation were totally predictable from SB band. It could be therefore a reliable gene marker in breeding program worldwide. The study was an item between Institute of Genetics, Chinece Academy of Sciences and The University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute The test was finished in The University of Sydney, Plant Breeding Institute.