地方政府债务与治理对策研究

Researches on Local Government Debt and Countermeasures in China

由于地方政府负债行为直接违反了《预算法》和《担保法》等相关法律法规,各级地方政府大多通过变相的方式进行举债,地方政府债务呈现形式多样化,隐蔽性强,透明度低,形成原因复杂,逾期率高,债务的风险预警和控制机制空缺等特点。当前我国地方政府所负各种债务的总体规模已经相当庞大,且呈快速上升趋势,风险在局部范围内已经凸显,潜在的风险很大,严重影响了地方经济的发展,甚至威胁到我国经济安全与社会稳定。因此,必须采取有效的治理对策来控制和化解地方政府的债务风险,如完善相关法律法规,规范政府举债行为,建立地方政府债务管理的责任机制,严格控制地方政府的债务规模,防止产生新的不合理债务,建立地方政府偿债机制和债务风险的预警机制等。

When the liabilities behavior of local governments directly violate the ＂Budget Law＂ and ＂Guarantee Law＂ and other relevant laws and regulations, local governments at all levels tend to borrow through covert means. Local government debt shows characteristics of diverse forms, strong concealment, low transparency, complex causes, high rate of overstayers, vacancies of debt risk warning and control mechanisms, et. At the present, China＇s local governments have been burdened with very large debts which have a substantial and rapid rising trend, and the risk has been highlighted in the local areas. The potential risks are bigger and cause a serious impact on the local economic development and the normal functioning of the local governments, even threatening China＇s economic security and social stability. Effective countermeasures have to be taken to control and resolve the debt risk of the local governments, such as improving relevant laws and regulations, normalizing governments＇ borrowing behaviors, establishing local government debt management accountability mechanisms, controlling strictly the size of the local government debt and preventing new unreasonable debt, establishing debt risk warning and control mechanisms, etc.