Factors acting on the distribution region of Carlemanniaceae:Rainfall,temperatureand the plants' biological characteristics

在东亚和热带亚洲的家庭 Carlemanniaceae，包括二个类， Carlemannia 和 Silvianthus，主要沿着 Himalaya 山的南部的脚和云南高原的西方、南部的接口被散布。为 Carlemannia 四角形的主要繁殖过程一被授粉实验在这个工作作为自花受粉验证。为两 C 的种子的萌芽率。当种子在二个月以后是镇定的时， and Silvianthus bracteatus 能百分之百到达的四角形，当率减少了到 25% 时当收集发生在上一年时。种子没有休眠阶段，这被发现，并且他们的种子银行具有短暂土壤类型。在地观察，为水果的裂开地位证明他们的种子不能被囊为疏开有效地逐出。在从年分析温度和降雨数据以后 1971～2000 ，它被看那年度降雨，最低吝啬的月刊一年里的温度，和在一个月内的极端最低温度在 Carlemanniaceae 的分发范围上有大效果，当吝啬的年度温度有更小的效果时。Carlemanniaceae 的狭窄的分发范围被多重因素影响，例如短花粉疏开距离和短暂土壤种子银行。Carlemanniaceae 的人口尺寸被降雨的水平，不是由任何单个变量容易也影响。

The family Carlemanniaceae in East Asia and tropical Asia, comprising two genera, Carlemannia and Silvianthus, are mainly distributed along the southern foot of the Himalaya Mountains and the western and southern interface of the Yunnan Plateau. The main reproductive process for Carlemannia tetragona was verified as self-pollination by the pollination experiments in this work. Germination rates for seeds of both C. tetragona and Silvianthus bracteatus could reach 100% when the seeds were collected after two months, while the rates decreased to 25% when collection took place in the previous year. It was found that the seed had no dormancy stages, and their seed banks were of the Transient Soil type. In field observations, the dehiscence status for fruits showed that their seeds could not be ejected effectively by capsules for dispersal. After analyzing the temperature and rainfall data from the years 1971 to 2000, it was shown that annual rainfall, the lowest mean monthly temperature in a year, and the extreme lowest temperature in a month had a great effect on the distribution range of Carlemanniaceae, while the mean annual temperature had a lesser effect. The narrow distribution range of Carlemanniaceae was affected by multiple factors, such as the short pollen dispersal distance and the Transient Soil Seed Bank. The population sizes of Carlemanniaceae were also easily affected by the level of rainfall, not by any single variable.