经皮扩张气管切开术在ICU中的临床应用价值

Clinical value of percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy in ICU

目的:通过比较传统开放性气管切开术(OT)和经皮扩张气管切开术(PDT)在ICU中的应用情况来评价PDT的临床应用价值。方法:将84例需要气管切开的危重患者随机分成两组,即传统开放性气管切开组(OT组)和经皮扩张气管切开组(PDT组),各42例。OT组行传统开放性气管切开术,PDT组行经皮气管切开术,观察手术时间、切口大小、术中出血量、伤口愈合时间及术后并发症。结果:PDT组手术时间为(8.35±1.76)min,切口大小为(1.27±0.20)cm,术中出血量为(6.03±1.70)ml,伤口愈合时间为(4.5±0.5)d,明显低于对照组(P<0.01),术后并发症发生率也低于对照组。结论:经皮扩张气管切开术操作简单,安全快速,出血量少,创伤小,伤口愈合时间快,并发症少,明显优于传统开放性气管切开术,在ICU危重患者抢救中,有广泛的应用价值。

Objective： To evaluate the clinical value of the percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy （PDT） by comparing the PDT with the open tracheotomy （OT） in ICU patients. Methods： 84 critically illed patients were randomized divided into two groups , PDT group 42 cases and OT group 42 cases. The operating time, cutting size, bleeding amount and complications were observed in patients.Results：In the PDT group, the operational time was （8.35±1.76） min, the cutting size was （1.27±0.20） cm, bleeding amount was （6.03±1.70） ml, healing time was （4.5±0.5） d,with significant difference between two groups （P〈0.01）;the occurrence complications rate in the PDT group were significantly lower than those in OT group.Conclusion：The PDT technique is easy to operate, safety and more expeditious, less bleeding, quick incision healing, less complications, which can be widely applied to the critically illed patients of ICU.