1920年代中国新诗发展述略

The Development of Chinese New Poem in 1920s

1917年2月《新青年》发表胡适的《白话诗八首》,为中国新诗诞生的标志。《新青年》、《新潮》等刊物中两代启蒙者纷纷参与新诗创作"尝试",北京大学因之成为新诗诞生的渊薮。与传统诗歌"外断内接"的深潜联系,异域诗精神与艺术的影响,是新诗发生发展另一动因。"为人生"与"为艺术"的兼容并存,写实主义、浪漫主义、象征主义、唯美主义的自由实践,构成新诗多元生态的格局。以文学刊物或社团为中心的诗人群体,胡适、刘半农、郭沫若、冰心、朱自清、冯至、徐志摩、闻一多、李金发、穆木天等诗人,对于新诗书写现实及人生之关系、情感抒写传达方式、自由与格律等理论探索与创作实践,为20世纪20年代新诗萌生与发展、艺术精品的创造作了境界独特风采殊异的贡献。

In February 1917, The New Youth published eight modern-language poems by Hu Shi, which was the sign of the birth of Chinese New Poem. In the journals such as The New Youth and The New Tide, many poets tried to publish their New Poems. Peking University thus became the habitat of Chinese New Poems. The spirit and art of the foreign poems were also the drive for the origination and development of New Poems. There were multiple characteristics in the New Poem, such as the co-existence of for life and for art, and the spirits of realism, romanticism, etc. Such talented poets as Hu shi, Liu Banlong, Guo Moruo, Bin Xin etc. contributed a lot to the development of the Chinese New Poem in 1920s.