护理穿刺抽液注药与手术治疗耳廓假囊肿的对比研究

Puncture for drainage and drug injection compared with surgery in treatment of auricular pseudocyst

目的 探讨护理穿刺、抽液、注药与手术治疗耳廓假囊肿的疗效。方法 对100例横径2cm以下的耳廓假囊肿患者进行随机分为两组,一组为穿刺组50例,由专科护士进行护理治疗1~3次,采用穿刺囊腔抽出液体,注入醋酸泼尼松龙混悬液0.5~2ml。另一组为手术组50例,由医师完成,采取切除囊腔软骨壁,造成皮肤与囊腔后壁粘连,使囊腔消失。结果 穿刺组治愈率94%。手术组一次性全部治愈,两组疗效对比无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。护理治疗较手术治疗在减轻患者心理压力和经济负担方面具有显著优势（P〈0.01）。结论 耳廓假囊肿应首选穿刺、抽液、注药治疗,三次不愈者应手术补救。耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科护士在本病治疗中可以发挥独特优势,为本病进行序列治疗提供了可行性依据。

Objective To explore the curative effect of puncture for drainage and drug injection as well as surgery in the treatment of auricular pseudocyst. Methods Patients （100 cases） with auricular pseudocyst were randomly divided into puncture group （50 cases） and surgery group （50 cases）. The patients in puncture group were treated by nurses through drawing out liquid from pseudocyst and injecting 0.5-2ml of prednisolone acetate suspension in 1-3 times. The patients in surgery group were treated by doctors through resecting cartilage wall of pseudocyst, resulting in conglutination of skin and pseudocyst back wall, and pseudocyst disappearance. Results Curative rate was 94% in puncture group, and 100% in surgery group. There was no significant difference between two groups in curative effect （P 〉0.05）. Therapy by nurse was superior to that by doctor in reduction of mental pressure and financial burden of patients （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions Patients with auricular pseudocyst should first undergo puncture, drainage and drug injection. If puncture, drainage and drug injection is not effective, surgery should be selected. The nurses in Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery may make full use of their advantages and provide feasibility basis for sequence treatment of auricular pseudocyst.