“无题”之非功利的创作自由与开放性的阐释自由——论李商隐诗歌之无题与唐宋词之无题的相似性

Freedom of Anti-utilitarian Producing and Open Explanation in "No title"——About the resemblance in Li Shangyin's no title poems and the no title Ci in Tang & Song Dynasty

唐宋词的大部分词作只有词牌子没有词题,因此,与李商隐的无题诗具有相似性。中国古代诗歌的题目与创作的功利性目的有密切关系,而李商隐诗歌和唐宋词的"无题"则否定了这种功利性,不为宣扬政治教化,不为科举考试、行卷、温卷,不为显示才华,甚至不为流传后世,因此,达到了创作的自由。作品的意义来自于三个方面:作者的意图、文本的语言和结构、读者的在批评性阅读中的再创造。"无题"造成了作者意图的缺失和模糊,从而增强了文本的开放性,使读者的阐释自由加大,造成众解纷纭的情况。非功利的创作自由与开放性的阐释自由使"无题"的诗词具有丰富的内涵和独特的魅力。

Most Ci in Tang ＆Song dynasty only have names but no titles just like Li Shangyin＇ s no title poems. The titles of Chinese ancient poems have close ration with the utilitarian aims. So Li Shangyin＇ s no title poems and the no title Ci in Tang ＆song dynasty have a kind of anti - utilitarianism, The significance of works comes from three parts： the writer＇ s purpose; the text＇ s structure and language; the reader＇ s recreation in their reading. Because of no title, the writer＇ s purpose become vacant or vague, SO the text become open, and the readers become more free in explanation, The anti - utilitarianism and freedom in explanation are reasons why the no title poems and Ci have so many levels and special attraction.