中世纪英格兰医院制度论略

On the Medieval English Hospitals

诺曼征服后,英格兰的医院主要是由修道院建立的。12、13世纪由于城市、贸易发展等原因,世俗人士也开始大量地建立医院,但这些医院的医务人员仍以修士或修女为多。中世纪末期,随着封建经济的衰落,这种宗教式医院也随之衰落。中世纪英格兰的医院中真正的医疗很少,主要是为病人、穷人提供生活上的照顾和心灵的"救治",但在组织和文化观念上为现代医院的发展奠定了基础。

In early medieval England hospitals were founded mainly by monasteries, because of the developments of cities and commeree secular figures also founded hospitals in 12th and 13th, but in these hospitals most of the medical workers were still monks and nuns. As feudal economy declined, the religious hospitals also declined in late middle ages. In medieval English hospitals really medical treatments were few, hospitals were principally to provide living considerations and spiritual healings for the sick and the poor, but they laid foundations on organization and cultural concepts for modem hospitals.